EGAL-EIN Examen Gral de Conocimientos y Habilidades para la Acreditación de LEI: THE REESTABLISHMENT OF ENGLISH, 1200-1500

THE REESTABLISHMENT OF ENGLISH, 1200-1500

TEACHER FLORIDA OFELIA LOPEZ

TOPIC# 6 Wednesday,January 28th.2015

93-CHANGING CONDITIONS AFTER 1200

— ENGLAND LOST A THIRD PART OF THE TERRITORY AT THE WAR WITH FRANCE AND NORMANDY, SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CHANGES AFFECTING

THE ENGLISH-SPEAKING PART OF THE POPULATION, FRENCH BECAME NATURAL MORE OR LESS NECESSARY TO THE ENGLISH UPPER CLASE

-IN THE 14TH CENTURY ENGLISH WON ITS WAY BACK INTO UNIVERSAL USE,

AND THE 15TH CENTURY FRENCH ALL BUT DISSAPEARED

94-THE LOSS OF NORMANDY

— KING JOHN LOST NORMANDY(1202),

— PHILIP, THE KING OF FRANCE HE SAW THE SITUATION AN OPPORTUNITY TO IRRITATED JOHN. WHEN HE SUMMONED HIM TO APPEAR(1202), BEFORE IN THE FRENCH COURT BUT JOHN MAINTAINED THAT AS KING OF ENGLAND HE WAS NOT SUBJECT TO A JURISDICTION OF THE FRENCH COURT

— JOHN DEMANDED A SAFE CONDUCT AND, PHILIP OFFERED TO GRANT ONLY ON CONDITIONS THAT JOHN COULD NOT ACCEPT. THE ENGLISH KING DID NOT APPEAR,AND THE COURT DECLARED HIS TERRITORY CONFISCATED ACCORDING TO FEUDAL LAW.SO FAR A IT AFFECTED THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE, AS IN OTHER RESPECTS AS WELL, THE LOSS OF NORMANDY WAS WHOLLY ADVANTAGEOUS.

95-SEPARATION OF THE FRENCH AND ENGLISH NOBILITY

— Once of the important consequences of the event just described was that it brought to a head a question of whether many of the nobility owed their allegiance to England or to France. King of France and king of England broken their treaties. After 1250 there WAS NO REASON FOR NOBILITY of England to consider itself anything but English. The most valid reason for its use of French was gone.

96-FRENCH REINFORCEMENTS

AFTER THE LOST OF NORMAN NOBILITY, ENGLAND EXPERIENCED A FRESH INVASION FOR FOREIGNERS, MOSTLY FOR THE SOUTH OF FRANCE.

THE INVASION BEGAN WITH THE REIGN WIFE OF KING JOHN, THE BISHOP OF WINCHESTER(PETER DES ROCHES) WERE THE RELATIONS BETWEEN THE ROYAL FAMILIES OF FRANCE AND ENGLAND, THEY MARRIAGE EACH OTHER.

97-THE REACTION AGAINST FOREIGNERS AND THE GROWTH OF NATIONAL FEELING

— THE REACTION WAS TO ADOPT A VIGOROUS POLICY OF “ENGLAND FOR ENGLISH”

— 1251, “THE KING DAY BY DAY LOST THE AFFECTIONS OF HIS NATURAL SUBJECTS”

98-FRENCH CULTURAL ASCENDANCY IN EUROPE

— THE FRENCH LANGUAGE WAS AN OBJECT OF CULTIVATION OF THE MOST OF THE OTHER COURTS OF EUROPE

— LORDS IN GERMANY HAD FRENCH TEACHERS FOR THEIR CHILDREN

— THE ANCIENT HISTORY OF THE VENETIANS FROM LATIN INTO FRENCH”BECAUSE THE FRENCH LANGUAGE IS THE MOST DELIGHTFUL TO READ AND TO HEAR.”

99-ENGLISH AND FRENCH IN THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY

— THE ATTITUDE THAT THE PROPER LANGUAGE FOR THE ENGLISHMEN TO KNOW AND USE IS ENGLISH.

— THE MOTHER TONGUE OF CHILDREN OF THE NOBILITY IN THE YEAR 1300,WAS IN MANY CASES ,ENGLISH.

— FRENCH IS TREATED AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE, AND THE CHILD IS TAKEN A VERY PRACTICAL COURSE IN THROUGH LIFE

100-ATTEMPTS TO ARREST THE DECLINE OF FRENCH

— AT CLOSE OF THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY WE CAN SEE CLEAR INDICATIONS THAT THE FRENCH LANGUAGE WAS LOSING ITS HOLD IN ENGLAND IN THE MEASURES ADOPTED TO KEEP IT IN USE. THE TENDENCY TO SPEAK ENGLISH WAS BECOMING CONSTANTLY STRONGER, EVEN IN THOSE TWO MOST CONSERVATIVE INSTITUTIONS, THE CHURCH AND THE UNIVERSITIES

101-PROVINCIAL CHARACTER OF FRENCH IN ENGLAND

— THE FRENCH INTRODUCED INTO ENGLAND WAS POSSIBLY A MIXTURE OF VARIOUS NORTHERN DIALECTAL FEATURES, BUT WITH NORMAN PREDOMINATING, AND UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ENGLISH LINGUISTIC TENDENCIES. IT GRADUALLY DEVELOPED INTO SOMETHING QUITE DIFFERENT FROM ANY OF THE CONTINENTAL DIALECTS.

102-THE HUNDRED YEAR’S WAR

— During all this time it was impossible to forget that French was the language of an enemy country, and the Hundred Years’ War is probably to be reckoned as one of the causes contributing to the disuse of French.

103-THE RISE OF THE MIDDLE CLASS

— THE MIDDLE CLASS RISE AFTER THE EFFECT OF THE BLACK DEATH WAS TO INCREASE THE ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF THE LABORING CLASS

— SUCH CHANGES IN THE SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC LIFE BENEFITED PARTICULARLY THE ENGLISH-SPEAKING PART OF THE POPULATION

104-GENERAL ADAPTATION OF ENGLISH IN THE FOURTEENTH CENTURY

— THE ROYAL FAMILY IT WOULD SEEM THAT EVEN AMONG THE GOVERNING CLASS ENGLISH WAS THE LANGUAGE BEST UNDERSTOOD.

— THERE CAN BE NO DOUBT IN THE LIGHT OF INSTANCES SUCH AS THESE THAT IN THE FOURTEENTH CENTURY ENGLISH IS AGAIN THE PRINCIPAL TONGUE OF ALL ENGLAND

105-ENGLISH IN THE LAW COURT

— IN 1356 THE MAYOR ORDERING AND ALDERMEN OF LONDON ORDERED THAT PROCEEDING IN THE SHERIFFS’ COURT OF LONDON AND MIDDLESEX BE IN ENGLISH

— IN 1362 AN IMPORTANT STEP WAS TAKEN TOWARD RESTORING ENGLISH TO ITS DOMINANT PLACE AS THE LANGUAGE OF THE COUNTRY.

106-ENGLISH IN THE SCHOOLS

— AFTER THE BLACK DEATH TWO OXFORD SCHOOLMASTERS WERE RESPONSIBLE FOR A GREAT INNOVATION IN ENGLISH EDUCATION

— AFTER 1349 ENGLISH BEGAN TO BE USED IN THE SCHOOLS AND BY 1385 THE PRACTICE HAD BECOME GENERAL.

107-INCREASING IGNORANCE FRENCH IN THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY

— THE STATEMENT WAS NOT TRUE BUT ; THE ENGLISH DELEGATES WOULD NOT HAVE ALLEGED SUCH FOR REASON TO CARRYING ON NEGOTIATION IN LATIN IF IT AMONG THE GOVERNING CLASS IN ENGLAND FROM THE BEGINNING OF THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY.

— IGNORANCE OF FRENCH MUST HAVE BEEN QUITE COMMON AMONG THE GOVERNING CLASS IN ENGLAND FROM THE BEGINNING OF THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY.

108-FRENCH AS A LANGUAGE OF CULTURE AND FASHION

— FRENCH HAD BEEN FOR SO LONG THE MARK OF PRIVILEGED CLASS SUCH CULTIVATION OF IT AS PERSISTED IN THIS CENTURYAND IN AFTER TIMES WAS PROMPTED LARGELY BY THE FEELING THAT IT WAS THE LANGUAGE OF CULTURE AND FASHION.

109-THE USE OF ENGLISH IN WRITING

French was still the language of the educated and the socially prominent. French accordingly is the first language in England to dispute the monopoly of Latin in written matter, and only in the fifteenth century does English succeed in displacing both. In The reign of Henry V (1413–1422) seems to have marked the turning point in the use of English in writing. The example of the king in using English in his letters and certain efforts of his to promote the use of English in writing.

110-MIDDLE ENGLISH LITERATURE

— The literature written in England during the Middle English period reflects fairly accurately the changing fortunes of English.

— English literary achievement in the Middle Ages. The period from 1350 to 1400 has been called the Period of Great Individual Writers. The chief name is that of Geoffrey Chaucer (1340–1400), the greatest English poet before Shakespeare.